doi.org
Emilia Zampella, Valeria Cantoni, Roberta Green — European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging · Abstract Purpose To systematically review and meta-analyze the efficacy of redifferentiation therapy in patients with radioactive iodine (RAI)-refractory thyroid cancer. Methods PubMed and Scopus databases were comprehensively searched up to January 2026 to identify clinical studies evaluating patients with RAI-refractory thyroid cancer who received targeted therapies to restore radioiodine uptake. Eligible studies reported either the rate of successful iodine re-uptake or treatment response evaluated according to RECIST 1.1 criteria. The primary endpoint was the pooled rate of successful redifferentiation, while secondary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR), each stratified by redifferentiation status. Results Fifteen studies comprising 234 patients (cohort sizes: 3–33) were included. The pooled rate of successful redifferentiation was
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